الكلمة العربية لا تزال غريبة ... كيف تعمل الترجمة الآليّة في الكومبيوتر؟

تقليص
X
 
  • تصفية - فلترة
  • الوقت
  • عرض
إلغاء تحديد الكل
مشاركات جديدة
  • admin_03
    عضو منتسب
    • May 2006
    • 161

    الكلمة العربية لا تزال غريبة ... كيف تعمل الترجمة الآليّة في الكومبيوتر؟

    <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: center" align="center"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: center" align="center"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><br />الكلمة العربية لا تزال غريبة ... كيف تعمل الترجمة الآليّة في</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; color: red; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الكومبيوتر؟*<p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">بيروت <span style="mso-spacerun: yes">     </span>الحياة<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">     </span>31/03/06 <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">لا تزال اللغة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">العربية بعيدة من لسان الكومبيوتر. وينطبق ذلك على النصوص العربية على الانترنت،</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">وبالقياس على القول الشعري المشهور، غريبة الوجه واللسان و...الارقام. ويرجع السبب</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الاساس في ذلك القصور إلى عدم اتفاق العرب مع الهيئات المُشرفة على اللغات</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الالكترونية وبروتوكولاتها، مثل هيئة أيكان</span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">ICANN<strong> </strong></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="AR-SA">الاميركية، على وضع صيغ ثابتة</span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">لتحويل احرف الهجاء العربية الى اللغة الرقمية. فلا يقرأ الكومبيوتر أي شيء، إلا</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">بعد تحويله إلى مجموعات مُنظّمة من الارقام، وتحديداً يجب كتابته بتكرارات من الصفر</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">والواحد، وذلك ما يُسمى اللغة الثنائية</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Binary Language</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>. وقد ابتكرها الفيلسوف</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الالماني غوتفريد لايبنيز في القرن السابع عشر. لقد وُضعت اللغة الثنائية بالاصل</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">لتكون طريقة في كتابة الأعداد، بمعنى كتابة الاعداد كلها باستخدام رقمي الصفر</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">والواحد. فمثلاً، يُكتب الواحد 01، والاثنين 10 والثلاثة 11 والاربعة 100 والخمسة 101</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">والسته 110 والسبعة 111 وهكذا دواليك. ومع توسّع استخدام الكومبيوتر، كُتبت</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الكلمات على نفس طريقة كتابة الاعداد. ووجد العلماء طريقة لكتابة الاحرف برقمي</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الصفر والواحد. ووضعوا لذلك قواعد واضحة، ما مكّنهم من كتابة الكلمات والجُمل</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">والنصوص برقمي الصفر والواحد أيضاً. ولأن الكومبيوتر وُلد في الغرب، لم تظهر صعوبة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">في كتابة اللغات ذات الاصل اللاتيني بالارقام الثنائية. ومع توسّع ثورة المعلوماتية</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">في العالم، كُتبت الكثير من لغاته بتلك اللغة أيضاً. لم تواجه اليابانية مثلاً، على</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">رغم غياب الحروف عنها، صعوبة في التحوّل إلى اللغة الثنائية. والأرجح ان الاسهام</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الياباني الهائل في صناعة المعلوماتية، لعب دوره في ذلك الامر. والمفارقة ان اللغة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">العربية تواجه صعوبة هائلة في التحوّل إلى اللغة الثنائية، على رغم ان الصفر اكتشاف</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">عربي أصلاً. ولعل غياب العرب من المساهمة في الثورة العلمية</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">التي رافقت الكومبيوتر</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">والانترنت شكّل السبب الرئيس في هذا الوضع. وفي السنة الفائتة، أسندت هيئة ايكان إلى مجموعة بولندية أمر تحويل الاحرف العربية إلى اللغة الثنائية، ما أثار احتجاجاً</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">عربياً واسعاً. وكذلك فان تلك المجموعة لم تتمكن من إنجاز المهمة التي أُسندت</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">اليها. </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الترجمة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">المؤتمتة <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">إذا كان</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الكومبيوتر «يقرأ» كل اللغات باللغة الرقمية عينها، فهل يمكنه الترجمة من لغة إلى</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">أُخرى؟ ليست الاجابة عن السؤال بمثل سهولة طرحه، لأن اللغة تتضمن عناصر كثيرة،</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">وليست مجرد رصف للأحرف والكلمات. يُمثّل المعنى (وبالتالي السياق) صعوبة واضحة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>. </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">ولذا، يرى البعض ان الكومبيوتر يبقى عاجزاً عن انجاز المهمات اللغوية عموماً، الا</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">ان يصبح أكثر ذكاء في التعامل مع اللغة. وبمعنى أخر، فان بعض الصعوبات في تعامل</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الكومبيوتر مع لغة البشر عموماً، تبقى رهناً بتطوّر الذكاء الاصطناعي </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Artificial Intelligence</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>.</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">ولم يمنع ذلك صُناع الكومبيوتر واختصاصيوه، من تزويده بالكثير من</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">المقدرات اللغوية، التي تتطور باستمرار، ومنها الترجمة. وهكذا، ظهرت برمجيّات</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">logiciels<strong> </strong></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الترجمة الآليّة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Machine Translation<strong> </strong></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">أو </span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">المؤتمتة</span><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Automated Translation</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">وجذبت الجمهور، لكنها لا تزال مليئة بالأخطاء، لأنها تعيش مرحلة «بدائية»، بالمعنى</span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">العلمي. تُذكّر بدايات</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الترجمة الآليّة بمغامرات الجاسوس السينمائي الشهير جايمس بوند. فخلال الحرب</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الباردة والتجسّس وغزو الفضاء، شرع باحثون أميركيوّن، وبتمويل جزئيّ من «وكالة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الاستخبارات المركزيّة </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">CIA</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>، العمل على هذا الموضوع للتوصّل إلى ترجمة سريعة لآلاف</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الملفّات السوفياتيّة التي كانت في حوزتهم. وشيئاً فشيئاً، أصبحت الترجمة الآليّة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">في متناول الجميع. ولم تعد لتقتصر على لغة بعينها. <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">برمجيّات مجّانيّة على</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الانترنت <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">تتألّف برمجيّات</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الترجمة الآليّة من محرّك بحث يضمّ قاموساً أو أكثر، إضافة إلى القواعد النحويّة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">المختصّة بتركيبة الجمل والنصوص. وتسوّق هذه البرمجيّات في فرنسا، على سبيل المثال،</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">عبر شركات مثل سيستران </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Systran<strong> </strong></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">وسوفتيسيمو </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Softissimo</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">وأفانكيست </span></span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Avanquest</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>،</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">وباور ترانسلايتور</span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Power Translator</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">وعربياً، يمكن الاشارة الى ما تصنعه شركة صخر للمعلوماتية العربية، مثل برنامج «ترجم» الشهير في مجال الترجمة المؤتمتة. وعلى الانترنت أيضاً، تظهر مُحركات بحث إشتُهرت بأقسام الترجمة فيها، مثل ألتافيستا </span></span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Altavista</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>، ومحرّك البحث غوغل </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Google</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">الذي يمتلك نظاماً خاصاً</span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">للترجمة. <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">كما يمكن لأيّ</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">مالك موقع على الشبكة أن يقوم بإدخال أدوات ترجمة آليّة مجّانيّة على موقعه، عبر</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">برمجيّات «بابل فيش </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Babel Fish</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">الذي تصنعه سيستران. </span></span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">تفاصيل الترجمة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">المؤتمتة <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">تمر الترجمة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">المؤتمتة في مراحل عدة. وتشتمل المرحلة الأولى الخطوات</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">التالية: <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">- تحليل النصّ</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">المصدر. <br />- تفحص</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">البرمجيّات النصّ المُعدّ للترجمة، والذي يُطلَق عليه اسم «النصّ المصدر» كما يفعل</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">المترجم عادةً. ثمّ تفكّك تركيبة كلّ جملة وتدرس وظائف الكلمات مفصّلة، للتعرف الى</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">مُكوّنات مثل الفعل والفاعل والمفعول به. ثم تُرسل هذه العناصر الواحد تلو الآخر</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">إلى محرّك الترجمة. <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">وتضم المرحلة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الثانية، خطوات من نوع: <br />- تطبيق القواعد</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">اللغوية. <br />- تطبيق</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">برمجيّات قواعد النحو والصرف الخاصة بلغة المصدر على العناصر التي جرى تحليلها. <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">وتكون تلك القواعد محفوظة في المعطيات البيانيّة الخاصة بالبرمجة. ثمّ يُصنع سجّل</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">حسابي لرصد الترجمة جملة اثر أخرى، مع تحليل دقيق للمؤشّرات الموجودة في الجملة،</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">بما فيها علامات الوقف والأحرف الكبيرة. وإذا صادف الكومبيوتر مثلاً كلمة </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Paris</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">باريس مكتوبة بحرف كبير في وسط الجملة، يعرف أنّ المقصود اسم العلم للدلالة على</span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">تلك المدينة. أمّا إن وُجِدَت الكلمة في أوّل الجملة، فتلجأ برمجيّات الترجمة إلى</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">تحليل الكلمات التي تتبعها. ففي جملة </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Paris est une belle ville</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">باريس مدينة جميلة يتبع كلمة </span></span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Paris</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">فعل مفرد ولا تسبقه أداة</span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">تعريف ولهذا يستنتج الحاسوب أسرع بأنّ الفعل أتى بعد اسم علم. ويتعقّد الامر حيال</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">جملة مثل </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">il la porte</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">هو يحملها، اذ يتوجب على البرمجيّات معرفة أنّ كلمة </span></span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">porte</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">تعني هنا الفعل حَمَلَ ، وليس الاسم </span></span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">porte</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">الذي يعني باباً! كما لا تعطي البرمجيّات</span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الترجمة ذاتها لفعل </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">porter</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يحمل في كلّ من الجملتَين التاليتَن </span></span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">porter une voile</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">و </span></span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">porter un voile</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>، فيترجمهما في اللغة الانكليزيّة في شكل مختلف: الأولى </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">to carry a sail</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يحمل شراعاً والثانية </span></span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">to wear a veil</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">يرتدي حجاباً. وعندما لا تظهر</span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">أي دلالة على الاسم في الجملة، كما في </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">les voiles déferlent en vitesse</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>، يصعب</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">على الكومبيوتر معرفة ان كان الامر يتعلق بالشراع أو</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">بالحجاب! <p></p></span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">وتتضمن المرحلة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الثالثة، التي يفترض انها ستحلّ مشاكل المرحلتين السابقتين، ملمحاً مهماً يتمثّل في</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">تدخّل القاموس. فبينما تعمل البرمجيّات على تطبيق القواعد اللغويّة على النص، تبحث</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">في الوقت نفسه في قاموسها بهدف إيجاد المرادفات الممكنة للكلمة. ويغني استخدام</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">القواميس المتخصّصة الترجمة من خلال لعب دور المصفاة الإضافيّ، ما يخفض نسبة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الاخطاء. فمثلاً، كلمة </span></strong><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">board</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><strong><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">باللغة الانكليزيّة تعني في الوقت نفسه لوحة خشبيّة،</span></span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">واللوح، وأن يصعد الى الطائرة او القطار، مجلس الإدارة أيضاً. إذا كانت برمجيّات</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الترجمة مزوّدة بقاموس متخصّص في المفردات الماليّة، تترجم الكلمة بمعنى «مجلس</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الإدارة» من دون تردّد. وفي حال غياب قاموس متخصّص، هناك احتمالات عديدة لحصول</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الخطأ. في الواقع، يشكّل وجود هذا القاموس المتخصّص الذي يعمل على صقل الترجمة نقطة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الاختلاف بين برمجيّات ترجمة وخدمة ترجمة على الشبكة. ففي بعض الحالات تقترح</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">البرمجيّات على المستخدم أن يختار بنفسه بين احتمالات عدّة في ترجمة الكلمة</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الواحدة. واضافة إلى ذلك، لدى بعض البرمجيّات المتطوّرة القدرة على التعلّم، أو ما</span></strong><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><strong><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></strong><strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">يُسمى تقنياً بذاكرة ترجمة. <p></p></span></strong></p><p><br />يتبع<br /></p>
  • admin_03
    عضو منتسب
    • May 2006
    • 161

    #2
    _MD_RE: الكلمة العربية لا تزال غريبة ... كيف تعمل الترجمة الآليّة في الكومبيوتر؟

    <p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><p> </p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">تتيح تلك الذاكرة تسجيل النصوص المُترجمة، وكذلك مقارنتها والاستعانة بها عند إجراء</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">ترجمات أخرى. كما يمكن أحياناً أن يقوم المستخدم بإضافة بعض الكلمات على</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">القاموس. <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">وفي المرحلة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الرابعة، ينتقل الكومبيوتر الى صنع الصيغة النهائية للترجمة، التي تُسمى النص</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الهدف </span></b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">Target Text</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>. فعندما تنتهي البرمجيّات من مراحل تفكيك الجملة وكلماتها، ثم</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">تحليلها، وترجمتها إلى ما يبدو لها المعنى الصحيح، تشرع في «النقل» لتشكيل الترجمة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الكاملة للنصّ المصدر. وهنا تظهر مشاكل جديدة في بناء هذه التركيبة، التي تُظهر</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">أهمية التمكّن من لغتي المصدر والهدف. وهذا ما يخوّل البرمجيّات ترجمة العبارة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الفرنسيّة </span></b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">il pleut des cordes</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">بما يقابلها بالانكليزيّة </span></span></b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">it’s raining cats and dogs</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">وليس </span></span></b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">it’s raining ropes</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">وينطبق هذا الأمر أيضاً على اللغة العربيّة، إذ</span></span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">يترجم الكومبيوتر العبارتين السابقتين، الفرنسية والانكليزية، بـ «إنّها تمطر</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">بغزارة»، وليس «أنّها تمطر حبالاً» أو «أنّها تمطر كلاباً</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">وهررةً. <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">وغالباً ما</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">تقترف برمجيّات الترجمة الآليّة أخطاء كثيرة في هذه المرحلة. فتعتمد نوعيّة الترجمة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">إذاً على سهولة المعاني في النصّ المصدر وعلى غياب الأخطاء الإملائيّة. وتجدر</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الإشارة إلى أنّ البرمجيّات لا تفهم معنى النص ككلّ بل تطبّق القواعد على كلّ جملة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">بمفردها من دون رؤية شاملة. ولكنّها لا تترجم حرفيّاً بل تقوم بتحليل الجملة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">بكاملها. </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">لماذا لا ينجح</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الأمر؟ <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">لماذا تستطيع</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">البرمجيّات أن تتعامل مع العبارات السهلة وأن تترجم في شكل جيّد الصيغ المعقّدة أو</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الاصطلاحيّة؟ وكيف تعرف أنّ الفرنسييّن لديهم «هرّة» في الحنجرة أمّا الانكليز</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">فلديهم ضفدع في عبارة «بُحَّ صوته» التي تقابلها </span></b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">avoir un chat dans la gorge</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">باللغة الفرنسيّة و </span></span></b><span dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;">to have a frog in the throat</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">باللغة الانكليزيّة؟ يعتمد الامر</span></span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">على عدد القواعد اللغويّة التي تضمّها البرمجيّات، وكذلك على نوعيّة هذه القواعد. ويضع اللغويّون هذه القواعد ثمّ تترجم على شكل أعداد رقمية ثنائية. ويهدف هذا الأمر</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">إلى إلغاء الالتباس في الكلمات قدر الإمكان، عبر تقليص الاحتمالات في ترجمة</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الكلمات، والتي يفترض بالبرمجيّات المُفاضلة بينها. <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">ويجب الأخذ في</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">الاعتبار تعدّد معاني الكلمة الواحدة، والتمييز بين الاسم والفعل، والغموض في</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw">المعنى للكلمة عينها. ولذا تظهر كثير من الترجمات السيئة. <p></p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed; text-align: right"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: &quot;traditional arabic&quot;; mso-ascii-font-family: georgia; mso-hansi-font-family: georgia; mso-fareast-language: zh-tw"><br /><span style="color: red">* أرسله اليوم إلى بريد الجمعية<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>الدكتور عادل الكفيشي <p></p></span></span></b></p>

    تعليق


    • #3
      الكلمة العربية لا تزال غريبة ... كيف تعمل الترجمة الآليّة في الكومبيوتر؟

      <p align="right"><font color="#660000" size="5"><strong>لقد استفزتني مقدمة المقالة فأضطررت للبحث عنها لمعرفة كاتبها قبل أن أجيب عليها ووجدتها في الموقع التالي<br /></strong></font><a href="http://www.daralhayat.com/science_tech/03-2006/Item-20060330-4c3cdaff-c0a8-10ed-0105-0034defbe1af/story.html"><font color="#660000" size="2"><strong>http://www.daralhayat.com/science_tech/03-2006/Item-20060330-4c3cdaff-c0a8-10ed-0105-0034defbe1af/story.html</strong></font></a></p><p align="right"><font color="#660000" size="5"><strong></strong></font></p><p align="right"><font color="#660000" size="5"><strong>ولكن مع الأسف لم أجد اسم الكاتب، ولكن من الواضح أن الكاتب لا يفقه شيئا في الخوارزميات والبرمجيات ولا أي شيء في علوم الحاسوب بشكل علمي، ربما كان مترجم أو هاوي أو أكاديمي درس في الغرب شيء له علاقة باللغات<br /><br />فمثلا لو لم يكن هناك أي تمثيل للعربية في الحاسوب لما استطعنا كتابة حرف واحد هنا<br /><br />وبالنسبة لما قدمناه للحاسوب والبرمجيات فيمكنكم مراجعة ما كتبناه في الموقع التالي<br /></strong></font><a href="http://www.wataonline.net/site/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=182#forumpost182"><font color="#660000" size="2"><strong>http://www.wataonline.net/site/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=182#forumpost182</strong></font></a><br /><br /><font color="#660000" size="5"><strong>لا أدري، ولكن أحسست كأنما الكاتب كتب فقط المقدمة التي سب فيها العرب والتي بينت مقدار جهله بالبرمجيات والحاسوب واللغة العربية وتطبيقاتها، والباقي كان ترجمة من مقال أجنبي، حيث لم يذكر مثال تطبيقي عن العربية، ولذلك سأضعه من جملة من تكلمت عنهم في المقال التالي<br /></strong></font><a href="http://www.wataonline.net/site/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=1279&amp;forum=110&amp;post _id=6176#forumpost6176"><font color="#660000" size="2"><strong>http://www.wataonline.net/site/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=1279&amp;forum=110&amp;post _id=6176#forumpost6176</strong></font></a><br /><br /></p>

      تعليق


      • #4
        الكلمة العربية لا تزال غريبة ... كيف تعمل الترجمة الآليّة في الكومبيوتر؟

        تعليق

        • Mahmo
          عضو منتسب
          • Mar 2009
          • 46

          #5
          من الأشياء الغريبة فى برامج الكمبيوتر وخاصة برنامج أوفيس مايكروسوفت هو وضع عدة خيارات للغة العربية الفصيحة فهنالك لغة مصر أو السعودية أو الجزائر أو المغرب أو الأردن أو الأمارات وبداهةً البرنامج لا يقصد اللجهات المحلية لأنه حتى لو قصد ذلك بأمكاننا إذا أخترنا مثلاً تثبيت خيار ( عربية المغرب ) أن نكتب بها ( لهجة الأردن ) ..وكان مايكروسوف تقول للعالم أن اللغة العربية فى حقيقتها عدة لغات عربية مستقلة وهذا غير صحيح وهو موضوع قد ينطبق على إنجليزى الولايات المتحدة وإنجليزى المملكة المتحدة ( وحتى هذه تكتب بذات حروف الكيبورد ) وهو تمييز لا ينطبق على العربية بل على لهجاتها واللهجات ليس لها حروف تختلف عن حروف الكيبورد حتى تستقل كل دولة بخيار لغة عربية لوحدها ..هل يعرف أحدكم سبباً آخر وجيه لهذا التمييز ؟؟؟؟

          تعليق

          يعمل...
          X